|
Kraków is considered by many to be the cultural capital of Poland.〔(Kraków, the cultural capital of Poland )〕 It was named the European Capital of Culture by the European Union for the year 2000. The city has some of the best museums in the country and several famous theaters. It became the residence of two Polish Nobel laureates in literature: Wisława Szymborska and Czesław Miłosz, while a third Nobel laureate, the Yugoslav writer Ivo Andric also lived and studied in Krakow. It is also home to one of the world’s oldest universities, the Jagiellonian University of Kraków. == Museums and National Art Galleries== Kraków has 28 museums as well as a number of art collections and public art galleries. They are separated into the National and City museums: The National Museum established in 1879, which is the main branch of Poland's National Museum with permanent collections around the country, as well as the National Art Collection on Wawel Hill and the Czartoryski Museum featuring works by Leonardo and Rembrandt. * Wawel Castle National Art Collection is located at Wawel, the former residence of three dynasties of Polish monarchs. Royal Chambers feature art, period furniture, Polish and European paintings, collectibles, and an unsurpassed display of the 16th-century monumental Flemish tapestries. Wawel Treasury and Armory features Polish royal memorabilia, jewels, applied art, and 15th to 18th century arms. The Wawel Eastern Collection features Turkish tents and military accessories. * Kraków National Museum with multiple branches in downtown Kraków, is the richest museum in the country with collections consisting of several hundred thousand items kept in big part in the Main Building but also in the nine of its divisions: * *The Main Building (at 3 Maja St) serves as the chief venue for temporary exhibitions. The gallery of the 20th century Polish art (upstairs) houses nearly 500 works by Polish modern artists. * *Czartoryski Museum and Arsenal (at Św. Jana 19), world-famous for Leonardo's painting of Lady with an Ermine. The museum has other old masters on display including a dramatic landscape by Rembrandt. * * Manggha Museum of Japanese Art and Technology (at M. Konopnickiej 26)〔(Manggha, Centre of Japanese Art and Technology )〕 * * Stanisław Wyspiański Museum (at 11 Szczepanska St)〔(Stanisław Wyspiański Museum )〕 * *The Gallery of 19th Century Polish Art in Sukiennice, with the collection of some of the best known paintings and sculptures of the Young Poland movement. * *Jan Matejko Manor 〔(Jan Matejko Manor in Krzesławice )〕 * * Emeryk Hutten-Czapski Museum 〔(Emeryk Hutten Czapski Museum )〕 * * Józef Mehoffer Manor 〔(Józef Mehoffer Manor )〕 The City of Krakow has a main Historical Museum that also has branches throughout the city:- * Kraków Museum of History ''Divisions :'' * *The Main Building (at Main Market Square, ''Rynek Główny 35''), devoted to the history of the city and its citizens with collections of maps, documents and city stamps, scepters and rings of Lord Mayors, guild objects, portraits of nobility, and the Kraków's famous Christmas cribs. * * Town Hall Tower * * Barbican * * Krzysztofory Palace * * Szołayski Museum 〔(Szołayski Museum )〕 * * The ''Silesian House'' also known as Pomorska * * History of theatre in Krakow museum 〔(“At the Sign of the Cross” House: History of Theatre Museum )〕 * * Jewish Museum at the Old Synagogue * * Hipolit Manor 〔(Hipolit Manor )〕 * * Celestat, the Residence of the Sharpshooters’ Society 〔(Celestat, the Residence of the Sharpshooters’ Society )〕 * * Artistic Salon of the District of Zwierzyniec 〔(Artistic Salon of the District of Zwierzyniec )〕 * * Museum of National Remembrance at "Under the Eagle Pharmacy" 〔(Museum of National Remembrance at "Under the Eagle Pharmacy" )〕 * * History of Nowa Huta Museum 〔(History of Nowa Huta Museum )〕 * Collegium Maius Museum of the Jagiellonian University. The 15th-century Collegium Maius is the oldest building of the Jagiellonian University featuring ancient lecture rooms, communal halls, former professors’ quarters, library and treasury with the Gothic sceptres of rectors and the golden ‘Jagiellonian globe’. The exhibits include medieval science instruments, old globes, paintings, collectibles, furniture, coins and medals. ''(See also: Collegium Novum)'' * Wieliczka Salt Mine, in continuous operation since the 13th century 〔(Wieliczka Salt Mine tourist route )〕 * Cathedral Museum 〔(Cathedral Museum )〕 * Museum of Archaeology 〔(Museum of Archaeology )〕 * Polish Aviation Museum * Archdiocesean Museum 〔(Archdiocesean Museum )〕 * Museum of Independence 〔(Museum of Independence )〕 * Armed Effort Museum (by appointment only)〔(Armed Effort Museum )〕 * Museum of Ethnography 〔(Museum of Ethnography )〕 * Museum of Pharmacy of the Jagiellonian University 〔(Museum of Pharmacy of the Jagiellonian University )〕 * Museum of Geology of the Polish Academy of Sciences 〔(Museum of Geology of the Polish Academy of Sciences )〕 * Czartoryski Library 〔(Czartoryski Library )〕 * Museum of the Home Army (AK) 〔(Museum of the Home Army (AK) )〕 * Museum of Photography 〔(Museum of Photography )〕 * Museum of Natural History 〔(Museum of Natural History )〕 * Museum of Zoology 〔(Museum of Zoology )〕 * Rydlówka Manor: museum of the Young Poland movement 〔(Rydlówka Manor: museum of the Young Poland movement )〕 * The Cricoteka Centre for Documentation of Tadeusz Kantor Art 〔(The Cricoteka Centre for Documentation of Tadeusz Kantor Art )〕 * Museum of Urban Engineering 〔(Museum of Urban Engineering, homepage ),〕 a.k.a. Transportation Museum 〔(About Transportation (Urban Engineering) Museum at cracow-life.com )〕 * Galicia Jewish Museum 〔(Review of Galicia Jewish Museum )〕 * Muzeum Katedry i Zakładu Anatomii UJ CM () 〔()〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Culture of Kraków」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|